1. What is the difference between hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen isocyanide?
2. What are cyanides and nitriles?
3. What isocyanides and isonitriles?
4. What is the hybridisation in cyanides?
5. What is an ambident group and is there an ambident group in cyanides?
6. What is the common system of nomenclature of cyanides?
7. What is the IUPAC system of nomenclature of cyanides?
8. What is the common system of nomenclature of isocyanides?
9. How are cyanides prepared:
a. From alkyl halides?
b. from acid amides?
c. from diazonium salts?
d. from aldoximes?
10. How are isocynaides prepared from from amines?
11. What are physical properties of cyanides and isocyanides?
12. Explain the following chemical properties of cyanides and isocyanides.
a. Hydrolysis
b. Reduction - (i) partial and (ii) complete
c. Reaction with Grignard's reagent
d. Addition reaction
e. Isomerism
13. What are the uses of alkyl cyanides and isocyanides?
14. How do you distinguish between ethyl cyanide and ethyl isocyanide?
15. What are the physical properties of ethyl cyanide and ethyl isocyanide?
Monday, January 5, 2009
Organic Nitrogen Compounds - Cyanides and Isocyanides - Application, Example Questions
1. Are hydrogen cyanide and hydrogen isocyanide tautomers?
2. Write the structural formula of acetonitrile?
3. Write the structural formula of ethanenitrile?
4. What is the IUPAC name of propionitrile?
5. Write the structural formula of methyl carbylamine?
6. Explain how do you produce propane nitrile from ethyl bromide?
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2. Write the structural formula of acetonitrile?
3. Write the structural formula of ethanenitrile?
4. What is the IUPAC name of propionitrile?
5. Write the structural formula of methyl carbylamine?
6. Explain how do you produce propane nitrile from ethyl bromide?
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Sunday, January 4, 2009
Organic Nitrogen Compounds - Diazonium Salts - Conceptual Questions
1. What is the general formula of diazonium salts?
2. How are diazonium salts obtained?
3. What is the nomenclature system for diazonium salts?
4. What is diazotisation?
5. What are the physical properties of diazonium salts?
6. What are the chemical properties of diazonium salts?
1. substitution reactions
2. Coupling reactions
7. What is the importance of benzene diazonium salts in synthetic organic chemistry?
2. How are diazonium salts obtained?
3. What is the nomenclature system for diazonium salts?
4. What is diazotisation?
5. What are the physical properties of diazonium salts?
6. What are the chemical properties of diazonium salts?
1. substitution reactions
2. Coupling reactions
7. What is the importance of benzene diazonium salts in synthetic organic chemistry?
Thursday, January 1, 2009
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Tuesday, December 23, 2008
Nomenclature of Organic Compounds - Exercise 2
Can you visualize the structural Formula of the following compounds.
1. formyl methanoic acid
2. 2-keto propanal
3. 1-hydroxy 2-butanone
4. 3-ketobutanoic acid
5. 3-cyano-1,5-pentanedinitrile
6. propane-1-2,3-tricarboxylic acid
7. 3-(carboxymethyl) hexanedioic acid
8. 4-pentyn-2-ol
9. 3-(2-propynyl) cyclohexanol
10. hexanedial
11. 2-cyclopropyloctane
12. cyclohexanecarboxylic acid
13. 2-methylcyclopentanecarbonitrile
14. 2-methylcyclopentanecarboxamide
15. 4-chloro-N-methylcyclohexane
16. 4-methoxycarbonylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid
17. cyclopropane
18. cyclopentane
19. cyclohexanol
20. isopropylcyclohexane
21. chlorocyclohexane
22. 1-ethylcyclopropanol
23. 1-ethyl-3-methylcyclohexane
24. 4-chloro-2-ethyl-1-methylcyclohexane
25. cyclohexanecarbaldehyde
26. 2-methylcyclohexanecarbaldehyde
27. 1-cyclobutylpentane
28. 1,3-dicyclohexylpropane
29. 4-cyclopropyl-3-methyloctane
30. 5-cyclobutyl-1-pentyne
31. bicyclo [2,2,1] hept-2-ene
32. bicyclo [2,2,0] hexane
33. bicycle [4,4,0] decane
34. bicycle [2,1,1] hexane
35. bicycle [1,1,1] pentane
36. 8-methylbicylo [3,2,1] octane
37. 8-methylbicyclo [4,3,0] nonane
38. spiro [4,3] octane
39. spriro [5,2] octane
40. methylbenzene
42. isopropylbenzene
43. vinylbenzene
44. cyclopropylbenzene
45. phenylethyne
46. diphenylmethane
47. 2-phenylpropanal
48. phenylbenzene or biphenyl
All the organic compounds are discussed as examples in the explaining the rules of nomenclature in the Nomenclature chapter of Organic Chemistry by Arihant Publishers.
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1. formyl methanoic acid
2. 2-keto propanal
3. 1-hydroxy 2-butanone
4. 3-ketobutanoic acid
5. 3-cyano-1,5-pentanedinitrile
6. propane-1-2,3-tricarboxylic acid
7. 3-(carboxymethyl) hexanedioic acid
8. 4-pentyn-2-ol
9. 3-(2-propynyl) cyclohexanol
10. hexanedial
11. 2-cyclopropyloctane
12. cyclohexanecarboxylic acid
13. 2-methylcyclopentanecarbonitrile
14. 2-methylcyclopentanecarboxamide
15. 4-chloro-N-methylcyclohexane
16. 4-methoxycarbonylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid
17. cyclopropane
18. cyclopentane
19. cyclohexanol
20. isopropylcyclohexane
21. chlorocyclohexane
22. 1-ethylcyclopropanol
23. 1-ethyl-3-methylcyclohexane
24. 4-chloro-2-ethyl-1-methylcyclohexane
25. cyclohexanecarbaldehyde
26. 2-methylcyclohexanecarbaldehyde
27. 1-cyclobutylpentane
28. 1,3-dicyclohexylpropane
29. 4-cyclopropyl-3-methyloctane
30. 5-cyclobutyl-1-pentyne
31. bicyclo [2,2,1] hept-2-ene
32. bicyclo [2,2,0] hexane
33. bicycle [4,4,0] decane
34. bicycle [2,1,1] hexane
35. bicycle [1,1,1] pentane
36. 8-methylbicylo [3,2,1] octane
37. 8-methylbicyclo [4,3,0] nonane
38. spiro [4,3] octane
39. spriro [5,2] octane
40. methylbenzene
42. isopropylbenzene
43. vinylbenzene
44. cyclopropylbenzene
45. phenylethyne
46. diphenylmethane
47. 2-phenylpropanal
48. phenylbenzene or biphenyl
All the organic compounds are discussed as examples in the explaining the rules of nomenclature in the Nomenclature chapter of Organic Chemistry by Arihant Publishers.
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Tuesday, April 29, 2008
Organic Compounds - Question Set April 30 2008
1. Among the following, the most reactive alkyl halide is
a. C2H5F
b. C2H5Cl
c. C2H5Br
d. C2H5I
2. In CH3CH2OH, the bond that undergoes heterolytic cleavage most readily is
a. C-C
b. C-O
c. C-H
d. O-H
3. Aldehydes are the first oxidation products of
a. secondary alcohols
b. primary alcohols
c. tertiary alcohols
d. dihydric alcohols
4. Which of the following on reaction with toluene gives benzaldehyde
a. chromyl chloride
b. anhydrous aluminium chloride
c. alkaline potassium permanganate
d. neutral solution of potassium permanganate
5. acetone when heated concentrated HCl and amalgamated zinc gives
a. C2H6
b. C3H8
c. CH3COOH
d. CH3CHOHCH
6. Function isomers of monocarboxylic acids
a. ethers
b. alcohols
c. esters
d. aldehydes and ketones
7. Strongest acid among the following carboxylic acids is
a. malonic acid
b. oxalic acid
c. succinic acid
d. adipic acid
8. Nitration of benzoic acid gives the major product
a. 2-nitrobenzoic acid
b. 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid
c. 3-nitrobenzoic acid
d. 4-nitrobenzoic acid
9. Treatment of ammonia with excess of ethyl iodide will give
a. ethylamine
b. diethylamine
c. triethylamine
d. tetraethylammonium iodide
10. Reaction of benzaldehyde with alkali give
a. phenol + sodium bezoate
b. benzene + benzyl alcohol
c. benzyl alcohol + sodium benzoate
d. phenol + benzene
a. C2H5F
b. C2H5Cl
c. C2H5Br
d. C2H5I
2. In CH3CH2OH, the bond that undergoes heterolytic cleavage most readily is
a. C-C
b. C-O
c. C-H
d. O-H
3. Aldehydes are the first oxidation products of
a. secondary alcohols
b. primary alcohols
c. tertiary alcohols
d. dihydric alcohols
4. Which of the following on reaction with toluene gives benzaldehyde
a. chromyl chloride
b. anhydrous aluminium chloride
c. alkaline potassium permanganate
d. neutral solution of potassium permanganate
5. acetone when heated concentrated HCl and amalgamated zinc gives
a. C2H6
b. C3H8
c. CH3COOH
d. CH3CHOHCH
6. Function isomers of monocarboxylic acids
a. ethers
b. alcohols
c. esters
d. aldehydes and ketones
7. Strongest acid among the following carboxylic acids is
a. malonic acid
b. oxalic acid
c. succinic acid
d. adipic acid
8. Nitration of benzoic acid gives the major product
a. 2-nitrobenzoic acid
b. 2,4-dinitrobenzoic acid
c. 3-nitrobenzoic acid
d. 4-nitrobenzoic acid
9. Treatment of ammonia with excess of ethyl iodide will give
a. ethylamine
b. diethylamine
c. triethylamine
d. tetraethylammonium iodide
10. Reaction of benzaldehyde with alkali give
a. phenol + sodium bezoate
b. benzene + benzyl alcohol
c. benzyl alcohol + sodium benzoate
d. phenol + benzene
Monday, April 28, 2008
Questions on Hydrocarbons - Preparation and Properties
1. Which one of the following alkanes can be easily sulphonated?
a. isobutane b. n-butane
c. n-pentane d. n-hexane
2. Addition of HBr to 2 methyl-1-propene in the presence of hydrogen peroxide mainly forms -------------------
3. An alkene with the molecular formula C4H8 upon ozonolysis gives one mole of propanone and one mole of methanal. The alkene is --------------------.
4. An alkene on vigorous oxidation with KMnO4 gives only acetic acid. The alkene is --------------.
5. An alkene with molecular formula C6H12 on oxidation with hot KMnO4 solution gives only HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH. The alkene is
6. Hydrocarbons that give both electrophilic and nucleophilic addition reactions -------------.
7. Alkaline KMnO4 oxidation of ethyne gives --------------.
8. Toluene is prepared from benzene by -------------- reaction.
9. Which one of the following will undergo meta substitution on monochlorination?
a. ehtoxybenzene b. chlorobenzene
c. 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane d. n-butane
10. When propene is treated with HBr in the dark and in absenceof peroxide, the main product is ----------------------- .
11. If in the reaction of C6H5Y, the major product is m-isomer, the group Y is -------------.
a. isobutane b. n-butane
c. n-pentane d. n-hexane
2. Addition of HBr to 2 methyl-1-propene in the presence of hydrogen peroxide mainly forms -------------------
3. An alkene with the molecular formula C4H8 upon ozonolysis gives one mole of propanone and one mole of methanal. The alkene is --------------------.
4. An alkene on vigorous oxidation with KMnO4 gives only acetic acid. The alkene is --------------.
5. An alkene with molecular formula C6H12 on oxidation with hot KMnO4 solution gives only HOOC-(CH2)4-COOH. The alkene is
6. Hydrocarbons that give both electrophilic and nucleophilic addition reactions -------------.
7. Alkaline KMnO4 oxidation of ethyne gives --------------.
8. Toluene is prepared from benzene by -------------- reaction.
9. Which one of the following will undergo meta substitution on monochlorination?
a. ehtoxybenzene b. chlorobenzene
c. 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane d. n-butane
10. When propene is treated with HBr in the dark and in absenceof peroxide, the main product is ----------------------- .
11. If in the reaction of C6H5Y, the major product is m-isomer, the group Y is -------------.
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